The UK saw inflation reach its highest level in 18 months in July, rising to 3.8%. The Bank of England (BoE) forecasts inflation to continue to nudge higher, reaching 4% by September — double its 2% target. In a blow to the Chancellor, longer-dated government bond yields rose to 27-year highs, increasing UK borrowing costs and eroding some of the £9.9bn fiscal headroom that Rachel Reeves gave herself.
Interestingly, core inflation (which excludes energy and food prices) also rose to 3.8%, in line with market expectations. However, the month-on-month inflation figures tell a different story, slowing to 0.1% in July from 0.3% previously. Transport costs led the increase, with airline fares seeing their largest July rise since records began. Other sectors such as electricity, fuel prices and soft drinks also contributed to the upward pressure on inflation. Previous Taylor Swift tours in the UK have had a measurable impact on inflation figures. Although beloved by many, the Oasis tour didn’t quite manage to leave the same economic imprint.
Earlier in the month, the Bank of England’s split decision resulted in a 25bps (0.25%) rate cut. Following this latest inflation data, markets are likely to anticipate a slightly longer wait for the next rate cut, as elevated inflation persists. The BoE certainly has a tough job, trying to tackle sticky inflation, while also faced with a deteriorating labour market.
The European Central Bank (ECB) has led the way globally, cutting interest rates eight times over the past year. Despite these rate cuts, inflation has not reaccelerated in the region. Inflation for July held steady at the 2% target for the second consecutive month. The ECB plans to keep rates unchanged in a “wait and watch” stance, maintaining a steady eye on how trade uncertainties may impact the broader economy.
US President Trump has had a busy week, meeting first with Russian President Vladimir Putin and then with Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy in an effort to broker a ceasefire deal. The tone of the meeting with Zelenskyy was a far cry from their tense first encounter at the Oval Office back in February, as guarantees are now expected to be formalised over the coming weeks. Ukraine is set to purchase $90 billion worth of US weapons, a move largely backed by several European countries. Despite these developments, a peace deal still appears distant. Putin has refused to agree to a ceasefire, maintaining Russia’s opposition to any short-term truce while both sides continue working towards a broader peace agreement.
US Federal Reserve Chair Jerome Powell is set to speak later today at his eighth and final Jackson Hole Symposium ahead of his term conclusion in May 2026. Markets will be listening closely to his views on the upcoming Fed decision regarding interest rates, and whether we might see the first rate cut of the year.
Sentiment around a potential rate cut at the next meeting remains somewhat lukewarm, as policymakers weigh signs of weakness in the labour market against persistent inflation. The latter is expected to continue rising, partly due to President Trump’s tariffs, which are increasingly impacting import prices and feeding through to producer and consumer costs. Despite this a rate cut is likely but it could be the only one of the year, subject to labour market weakness.
Spare a thought for WH Smith, who saw their share price fall over 40% yesterday after an accounting error had overstated their North American profit by £30m. It’s a reminder about the volatility that can come from direct equities, and why we prefer to remain well diversified, ensuring stock specific risk is kept to a minimum in portfolios.
Nathan Amaning, Investment Analyst
Risk warning: With investing, your capital is at risk. The value of investments and the income from them can go down as well as up and you may not recover the amount of your initial investment. Certain investments carry a higher degree of risk than others and are, therefore, unsuitable for some investors.